历年来,四川盆地川东地区在侏罗系凉高山组钻井中有大量油气显示并获得低产油气流,显示了凉高山组具有良好的勘探潜力。目前川东地区凉高山组油气勘探仍处于初步阶段,对其烃源岩资源潜力尚无系统的研究。通过充分利用研究区内完钻井岩心、岩屑和野外资料,开展岩石学特征、有机质丰度、有机质类型和有机质成熟度分析,对烃源岩进行资源潜力评价。研究结果表明：①凉高山组烃源岩主要发育灰色和灰黑色泥页岩,具有分布连续性稍差、层数多、单层厚度小的特点,发育层数5~27层,最大单层厚度6~33 m,总厚度在15~112 m之间;②从有机质丰度和生烃潜量来看,TOC介于0.5%~3.21%,平均1.23%;S1+S2值介于0.06~8.68 mg/g,平均2.49 mg/g,为较好—好烃源岩,在垫江—梁平—忠县—石柱一带最好,平均TOC在1.5%以上;③从干酪根镜检和岩石热解数判断有机质类型以Ⅱ2型为主,Ⅱ1型和Ⅲ型为辅;④烃源岩干酪根的镜质体反射率Ro介于0.57%~1.53%,平均1.14%,处于成熟—高成熟演化阶段。⑤总生烃强度一般在1.59×108~8.97×108 m3/km2之间,垫江、忠县、梁平区域内构造相对较高,平均生烃强度大于4×108 m3/km2。
Over the years, a large amount of hydrocarbon shows have been revealed by drilling targeting the Lower Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin, and low-yield oil-gas flow was obtained, suggesting a good exploration potential. Presently, the exploration is still in the initial stage, and the resource potential of the Formation has not been systematically investigated. In order to evaluate the resource potential of source rocks, the petrologic characteristics, abundance, types and maturity of organic matter were analyzed through the core, cuttings and field data. Results show that, (1) the source rocks are mainly gray and grayish black mud shales, which are characterized by poor distribution continuity, multiple layers and small single-layer thickness; there develops 5-27 layers, with the maximum single-layer thickness of 6-33 m, and the total thickness of 15-112 m; (2) in terms of organic matter abundance and hydrocarbon generation potential, TOC is 0.5%-3.21% (avg. 1.23%), and S1+S2 is 0.06-8.68 mg/g (avg. 2.49 mg/g), indicating moderate to good source rocks, and the best ones are found in the Dianjiang-Liangping-Zhongxian-Shizhu area, with TOC˃1.5%; (3) according to the microscopic examination of kerogen and the Rock-Eval pyrolysis, the type of organic matters are mainly Ⅱ2, followed by Ⅱ1 and Ⅲ; (4) the vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of kerogen ranges from 0.57% to 1.53%, with an average of 1.14%, suggesting that the source rocks are in the stage of mature to high mature evolution; and (5) the total hydrocarbon generation intensity is generally between 1.59×108 m3/km2 and 8.97×108 m3/km2, and the one in the Dianjiang, Zhongxian and Liangping areas is relatively high, with an average over 4×108 m3/km2.
[an error occurred while processing this directive]
[1] 蒋裕强, 漆麟, 邓海波, 等. 四川盆地侏罗系油气成藏条件及勘探潜力[J]. 天然气工业, 2010, 30(3): 22-26.
Jiang Yuqiang, Qi Lin, Deng Haibo, et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potentials of the Jurassic reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2010, 30(3): 22-26.
[2] 杜敏, 陈盛吉, 万茂霞, 等. 四川盆地侏罗系源岩分布及地化特征研究[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 2005, 28(2): 15-17.
Du Min, Chen Shengji, Wan Maoxia, et al.Study on distribution and geochemical features of Jurassic source rocks in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 2005, 28(2): 15-17.
[3] 黄东, 杨光, 杨智, 等. 四川盆地致密油勘探开发新认识与发展潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(8): 1212-1221.
Huang Dong, Yang Guang, Yang Zhi, et al.New understanding and development potential of tight oil exploration and development in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(8): 1212-1221.
[4] 杨跃明, 黄东. 四川盆地侏罗系湖相页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发新认识[J]. 天然气工业, 2019, 39(6): 22-33.
Yang Yueming & Huang Dong. Geological characteristics and new understandings of exploration and development of Jurassic lacustrine shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019, 39(6): 22-33.
[5] 李登华, 李建忠, 张斌, 等. 四川盆地侏罗系致密油形成条件、资源潜力与甜点区预测[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(7): 740-752.
Li Denghua, Li Jianzhong, Zhang Bin, et al.Formation condition, resource potential and sweet-spot area prediction of Jurassic tight oil in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(7): 740-752.
[6] 唐大海. 川中东部侏罗系凉高山组储层特征研究[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 2000, 23(4): 25-29.
Tang Dahai.Study on reservior characteristics of Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in east side of central Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 2000, 23(4): 25-29.
[7] 金涛, 白蓉, 郭蕊莹, 等. 四川盆地侏罗系常规与非常规油藏类型探讨[J]. 天然气与石油, 2021, 39(3): 73-81.
Jin Tao, Bai Rong, Guo Ruiying, et al.Discussion on conventional and unconventional Jurassic reservoir types in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas and Oil, 2021, 39(3): 73-81.
[8] 王世谦, 胡素云, 董大忠. 川东侏罗系-四川盆地亟待重视的一个致密油气新领域[J]. 天然气工业, 2012, 32(12): 22-29.
Wang Shiqian, Hu Suyun & Dong Dazhong. Jurassic tight oil & gas resources in East Sichuan Basin: A new exploration target[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2012, 32(12): 22-29.
[9] 陈宗清. 论川东地区侏罗系油气藏勘探[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1990, 11(3): 304-312.
Chen Zongqing.Jurassic hydrocarbon exploration in east Sichuan[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1990, 11(3): 304-312.
[10] 邹娟, 金涛, 李雪松, 等. 川东地区下侏罗统勘探潜力评价[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2018, 23(4): 30-38.
Zou Juan, Jin Tao, Li Xuesong, et al.Evaluation on exploration potentials of Lower Jurassic reservoirs in eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2018, 23(4): 30-38.
[11] 邹才能, 杨智, 王红岩, 等. "进源找油": 论四川盆地非常规陆相大型页岩油气田[J]. 地质学报, 2019, 93(7): 1551-1562.
Zou Caineng, Yang Zhi, Wang Hongyan, et al."Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen": Jurassic unconventional continental giant shale oil & gas field in Sichuan basin, China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019, 93(7): 1551-1562.
[12] 张新顺, 王红军, 马锋, 等. 致密油资源富集区与“甜点区”分布关系研究——以美国威利斯顿盆地为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2015, 37(5): 619-626.
Zhang Xinshun, Wang Hongjun, Ma Feng, et al.Relationship between resource-rich regions and sweet spots for tight oils: A case study of the Williston Basin in the USA[J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment, 2015, 37(5): 619-626.
[13] 李建忠. 第四次油气资源评价[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2019.
Li Jianzhong.Fourth Assessment for Oil and Gas Resource[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2019.
[14] 胡东风, 魏志红, 刘若冰, 等. 四川盆地拔山寺向斜泰页1井页岩油气重大突破及意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2021, 26(2): 21-32.
Hu Dongfeng, Wei Zhihong, Liu Ruobing, et al.Major breakthrough of shale oil and gas in Well Taiye 1 in Bashansi Syncline in the Sichuan Basin and its significance[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(2): 21-32.
[15] 程克明, 顾信章. 沥青质的地球化学性质及其对母岩有机质的分类意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 1983(5): 23-33.
Cheng Keming & Gu Xinzhang. The geochemical properties of asphaltenes and it classification with respect to the organic matter in the source rocks[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 1983(5): 23-33.
[16] 陈建平, 赵长毅, 何忠华. 煤系有机质生烃潜力评价标准探讨[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 1997, 24(1): 1-5.
Chen Jianping, Zhao Changyi & He Zhonghua. Criteria for evaluating the hydrocarbon generating potential of organic matter in coal measures[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 1997, 24(1): 1-5.
[17] 黄籍中. 四川盆地两类两套油系煤系烃源异同与大中型气田形成[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 1998, 21(4): 1-12.
Huang Jizhong.Differences and similarities between oil-measure and coal-measure source rocks and formation of large-medium gas fields in Sichan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 1998, 21(4): 1-12.
[18] 宋建国, 李启明. 古地理、古气候与烃源岩——1992年AAPG/IFP国际学术会议综述[J]. 石油学报, 1993, 14(1): 51-54.
Song Jianguo & Li Qiming. Paleography, paleoclimate and source rock-A summary of AAPG/IFP 1992 International Conference[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 1993, 14(1): 51-54.