How to make the vertical resolution of seismic data better has always been a hot topic in lithology exploration. Actually in processing, the resolution can be advanced by increasing the dominant frequency and expanding the bandwidth. At present, most of high-resolution processing tools can be fulfilled by wavelet shaping or inverse-Q filtering after stacking, and seismic-data potential cannot be fully tapped during the processing. There is no discussion about the effect of effective bandwidth on resolution during the tools fulfillment. So, according to one wedge model, the influence of both dominant frequency and bandwidth on the resolution was studied through forward modeling. Moreover, the effective signal of different frequencies affecting seismic data was analyzed. Additionally, one strategy was developed to get quality broadband data. Results show that (1) seismic wavelet is the key acting on the vertical resolution. Its dominant frequency and bandwidth directly affect the wavelet shape. The higher the dominant frequency, the shorter the wavelet length, and the stronger the seismic response to thin layers. The wider the frequency bandwidth, the weaker side lobe energy of the wavelet, and the smaller geological bodies can be resolved. An ideal wavelet in high-resolution processing is just spike pulses with short wavelength and large bandwidth; (2) the resolution is directly related to the effective signal energy. The absence of low frequency may lead to false resolution, that of high frequency is able to affect the bandwidth, and the blind increase in high-frequency signals also amplify the noise energy; and (3) in the processing, the effective signal energy should be improved as much as possible on the premise of fidelity. In view of these, seismic-data potential should be continuously tapped, and the effective signals at low- and high-frequency ends should be mended so as to provide accurate information for following seismic interpretation and reservoir description.
Chen Kang
,
Peng Haotian
,
Dai Juncheng
,
Tang Qingsong
,
He Bing
,
Tang Cong
,
Han Song
. Relation of effective seismic-data bandwidth to resolution[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 2022
, 45(4)
: 33
-39
.
DOI: 10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2022.04.004
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