页岩气井解堵助排除垢复合技术的研究与应用——以四川威远和荣县作业区为例

谭小伟

doi:10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2022.03.014

天然气勘探与开发 >

2022 , Vol. 45 >Issue 3: 116 - 122

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2022.03.014

非常规油气

页岩气井解堵助排除垢复合技术的研究与应用——以四川威远和荣县作业区为例

谭小伟

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中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院

谭小伟,男,1982年生,工程师;主要从事油气开采工程技术服务工作。地址：（124010）辽宁省盘锦市兴隆台区钻采院。E-mail：93882146@qq.com

修回日期: 2022-07-08

网络出版日期: 2022-11-07

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Composite technology of plug removal, cleanup and descaling for shale gas well and its application: A case study of Weiyuan and Rongxian operation areas, Sichuan Basin

Tan Xiaowei

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GWDC Drilling Engineering and Technology Research Institute, Panjin, Liaoning 124010, China

Revised date: 2022-07-08

Online published: 2022-11-07

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摘要

四川威远页岩气的主要开发方式是水力压裂。经过多年的开发,很多气井都存在地层及井筒堵塞、积液严重的问题。目前国内外在解堵助排的研究应用主要体现在压裂返排施工中,在气井的生产措施中研究较少。为填补这一技术空白,并同时解决地层堵塞、返排和井筒除垢的难题,分析了威远页岩气地层的堵塞机理和井筒结垢机理,结合油井解堵相关经验和存在的问题,通过分析堵塞物和结垢物成分来筛选解堵助排剂的除垢剂,并优化了药剂泵注工艺和焖井时间。结果表明：①导致地层堵塞和井筒结垢的主要原因在于压裂和生产过程中使用的有机药剂滞留、地层砂和无机腐蚀物形成的混合物;②研发的解堵除垢工作液体系和助排工作液体系能很好地解决页岩气井地层堵塞及井筒除垢的问题;③氮气压水锥+多级段塞注入+正反混注的工作液泵注工艺具有很好的适应性;④ 18口井的现场应用中,成功15井次,施工成功率达83.33%,平均增产161%。结论认为：该页岩气井解堵助排除垢复合技术成功实现了单次作业同时解决多个问题的目的。

关键词： 页岩气; 储层堵塞; 井筒结垢; 井筒除垢; 解堵; 助排; 复合技术

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谭小伟 . 页岩气井解堵助排除垢复合技术的研究与应用——以四川威远和荣县作业区为例[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 2022 , 45(3) : 116 -122 . DOI: 10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2022.03.014

Abstract

The shale gas is mainly developed by hydraulic fracturing in Weiyuan area of Sichuan Basin. After years of production, serious problems including blockage and liquid loading occurs in formations and wellbores of many gas wells. The current researches on plug removal and cleanup at home and abroad focus on post-frac flowback, but rarely deal with operational measures. In order to fill this technical gap and solve the problems of formation plugging, flowback and wellbore descaling, the plugging and scaling mechanisms were analyzed. Based on the relevant well de-plugging practices, the composition of plug and scale was analyzed to select scale removers for de-plugging and cleanup. The agent pumping process and well soaking time were optimized. The results show that, (1) the formation plugging and wellbore scaling are caused by retention of organic agents used in fracturing and production, and the mixture of formation sand and inorganic corrosion products; (2) the de-plugging and descaling fluid system and cleanup fluid system developed in this study can effectively solve the problems of formation plugging and wellbore scaling; (3) the working fluid pumping technology of "N₂-foam controlling water cone + multistage slug injection + normal and inverse injection" has good adaptability; and (4) the field application to 18 wells indicates that the technology has successfully been applied 15 well times, achieving success rate of 83.33%, and enhancing the production by 161% on average. It is concluded that the de-plugging, cleanup and descaling composite technology accomplishes the goal of solving multiple problems in a single operation.

Key words： Shale gas; Formation plugging; Wellbore scaling; Wellbore descaling; Plug removal; Cleanup; Composite technology

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